Useful commands in Unix

find command

1.- Sort the 40 largest files :

#find /apps/ora11/product -xdev -ls | sort -nrk 7 | head -40

2.-Find a file name with a specific name :

#find . -name "*.jar" -print

3.-Another variant could be without specifying the file extension :

find . -name jar -print

du command

du provides output in a readable format, easier to be understood. You will be able to see the information in Bytes, Kilobytes, Megabytes, Gigabytes, etc.

1.- Check all directories and files size in gigas.

#du -sh *
1.5G   agent11g
819M   agent12c
120M   apex
294M   assistants
414M   bin
27M   ccr
   3K   cdata
2.4M   cfgtoollogs
42K   clone
   1K   config
7.8M   crs
17K   csmig
156K   css
326M   ctx
2.8M   cv

2.-check size for 20 biggest files ordered by size

#du -a | sort -n -r| head -20

iostat command

1.-Check disk performance usage in solaris :

#iostat
   tty        md10          md11          md12          md20           cpu
tin tout kps tps serv kps tps serv kps tps serv kps tps serv   us sy wt id
   0 153 14   2   12    9   2   10    9   2    8    0   0   11   11 2 0 86

The command display all the devices

#iostat -xn 5

             extended device statistics
    r/s    w/s   kr/s   kw/s wait actv wsvc_t asvc_t %w %b device
    81.0   12.5 10131.5 847.7 0.0 2.4    0.0   25.3   0 42 ssd163
    0.4    0.3   30.7    6.1 0.0 0.0    0.0   14.6   0   0 ssd164
    54.0    8.9 6738.1 532.1 0.0 0.7    0.0   11.3   0 16 ssd165
    0.9    2.5   12.6   14.4 0.0 0.0    0.0    1.9   0   0 ssd166
    0.0    0.0    0.0    0.0 0.0 0.0    0.0    0.3   0   0 ssd167
    2.3    3.0 149.9   29.9 0.0 0.0    0.0    5.0   0   1 ssd168
    0.0    0.0    0.0    0.0 0.0 0.0    0.0    0.3   0   0 ssd169
    0.0    0.0    0.0    0.0 0.0 0.0    0.0    0.2   0   0 ssd170
    0.0    0.0    0.0    0.0 0.0 0.0    0.0    0.3   0   0 ssd171
    162.6   16.3 20423.9 1181.9 0.0 1.8    0.0   10.3   0 29 ssd172
    133.9   15.8 16853.3 1128.4 0.0 1.2    0.0    8.0   0 22 ssd173
    162.6   16.3 20423.9 1181.9 0.0 1.8    0.0   10.3   0 29 ssd172
    133.9   15.8 16853.3 1128.4 0.0 1.2    0.0    8.0   0 22 ssd173
    85.8    8.5 10808.2 510.2 0.0 1.0    0.0   11.0   0 19 ssd198
    44.9    8.1 5599.1 467.6 0.0 0.6    0.0   11.5   0 14 ssd199
    44.6    8.1 5558.4 467.7 0.0 0.6    0.0   12.0   0 15 ssd200
    126.5   22.9 15817.3 1806.7 0.0 1.2    0.0    7.9   0 21 ssd201

Important Pay special attention to the %w %b devicecolumns.
%w : Is the wait is the expected rate and should not exceed
%b : Is the disk busy percentage. The most important is that if to a high percentaje, it get free quickly.
device : Is the device disk name.

#iostat -n
   tty        md10          md11          md12          md20           cpu
tin tout kps tps serv kps tps serv kps tps serv kps tps serv   us sy wt id
   0 153 14   2   12    9   2   10    9   2    8    0   0   11   11 2 0 86

Print logical disk names

#iostat -en

---- errors ---
s/w h/w trn tot device
    0   0   0   0 md10
    0   0   0   0 md11
    0   0   0   0 md12
    0   0   0   0 md20
    0   0   0   0 md21
    0   0   0   0 md22
    0   0   0   0 md50
    0   0   0   0 md51
    0   0   0   0 md52
    0   0   0   0 sd0
    0   0   0   0 sd1
    0   0   0   0 sd2
    0   0   0   0 ssd72
    0   0   0   0 ssd194
    0   0   0   0 ssd195
    0   0   0   0 ssd196
    0   0   0   0 ssd197
    0   0   0   0 ssd198
    0   0   0   0 ssd199
    0   0   0   0 ssd200
    0   0   0   0 ssd201

Soft error      : A disk sector fails the CRC check and needs to be re-read
Hard error      : Re-read fails several times for CRC check
Transport error : Errors reported by I/O bus
Total errors    : Soft error + Hard error + Transport errors

#iostat -E

sd0       Soft Errors: 0 Hard Errors: 0 Transport Errors: 0
Vendor: HITACHI Product: H106030SDSUN300G Revision: A2B0 Serial No: 1219NV1M6B
Size: 300.00GB <300000000000 bytes>
Media Error: 0 Device Not Ready: 0 No Device: 0 Recoverable: 0
Illegal Request: 0 Predictive Failure Analysis: 0
sd1       Soft Errors: 0 Hard Errors: 0 Transport Errors: 0
Vendor: TEAC     Product: DV-W28SS-V       Revision: 1.0B Serial No:
Size: 0.00GB <0 bytes>
Media Error: 0 Device Not Ready: 0 No Device: 0 Recoverable: 0
Illegal Request: 2 Predictive Failure Analysis: 0
sd2       Soft Errors: 0 Hard Errors: 0 Transport Errors: 0

The errors details can be displayed with -e option.

prstat command

prstat -a : The prstat commands show statistics and projects that currently are running on your system. With -a option shows the sum the total for each column for each user group by number of processes.
#prstat -a
NPROC USERNAME SWAP   RSS MEMORY      TIME CPU
1016 ora11      62G   38G    30% 171:39:20 17%
    13 remedyad 3517M 3104M   2.4% 62:36:47 0.6%
    30 root      819M 509M   0.4% 16:47:34 0.0%
     7 xymon    4608K 6696K   0.0%   0:01:32 0.0%
     1 nagios    536K 3616K   0.0%   0:08:11 0.0%
     1 noaccess   86M   98M   0.1%   1:01:23 0.0%
     1 smmsp    2264K 7400K   0.0%   0:00:24 0.0%
     6 daemon   8608K 8976K   0.0%   0:01:27 0.0%

Total: 1075 processes, 12238 lwps, load averages: 7.16, 6.77, 6.56

At the end, you will be able to see the load averages, That is an average for 5, 10 and 15 minutes respectively.

#prstat -J : Same above but group by project :

PROJID    NPROC SWAP   RSS MEMORY      TIME CPU PROJECT
   100     1011   62G   38G    30% 171:52:09 17% group.dba
     3       20 3522M 3109M   2.4% 62:39:44 0.8% default
     0       39 916M 613M   0.5% 17:59:02 0.0% system

#prstat -T : Group by task id :

TASKID    NPROC SWAP   RSS MEMORY      TIME CPU PROJECT
   225      941   61G   38G    29% 148:11:16 16% group.dba
59726       13 3517M 3104M   2.4% 62:38:24 0.7% default
222224        3 5256K   13M   0.0%   0:00:06 0.6% group.dba
10542       37   14G 7049M   5.4% 12:42:34 0.0% group.dba
   216        2 148M 106M   0.1%   4:44:04 0.0% system
   162        5 556M 294M   0.2%   9:42:22 0.0% system
   855       32   16G   11G   8.5% 11:02:48 0.0% group.dba
   177        1 9264K 9264K   0.0%   0:50:29 0.0% system
   201        1 8808K   11M   0.0%   0:00:52 0.0% system
   206        2 1872K 4568K   0.0%   0:00:16 0.0% system
   194        1 816K 2352K   0.0%   0:00:00 0.0% system

Total: 1072 processes, 12209 lwps, load averages: 7.31, 6.75, 6.57

id Command

The id command display the OS current username and group and with -p option prints the current project ID in addition to the user and group IDs

#id -p
uid=1000(ora11) gid=1000(dba) projid=100(group.dba)

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